Kudziwa zina za jenereta yamagalimoto ndi batri

Kuyimitsa batire yagalimoto kumatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere, mutamvetsetsa izi, mudzakhala ndi chidziwitso chambiri chamagetsi agalimoto, kulipiritsa batire komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

1. Galimoto imayendetsa jenereta kuti ipange magetsi

Injini yamagalimoto simangogwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa galimoto, komanso kupatsa mphamvu machitidwe ambiri pagalimoto. Crankshaft ya injini ili ndi malekezero awiri, mbali imodzi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi flywheel, yomwe iyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi gearbox kuti iyendetse galimoto. Mapeto ena amatuluka ndi crankshaft pulley kuyendetsa zida zina. Mwachitsanzo, pulley ya crankshaft yomwe ili pamwambapa imayendetsa jenereta, kompresa, pampu yowongolera mphamvu, mpope wamadzi ozizira ndi mbali zina kudzera palamba kuti apereke mphamvu kwa iwo. Choncho malinga ngati injini ikuyenda, jenereta imatha kupanga magetsi ndi kulipiritsa batire.

2. Jenereta yamagalimoto imatha kusintha mphamvu yamagetsi

Tonse tikudziwa kuti mfundo ya jenereta ndi yakuti koyilo imadula mzere wa maginito opangira maginito kuti ipange zamakono, ndipo mofulumira kuthamanga kwa koyilo, ndikokulirapo kwamakono ndi magetsi. Ndipo liwiro la injini kuchokera pa liwiro lachabechabe la mazana angapo mpaka zikwi zingapo rpm, kutalika kwake ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kotero pali chida chowongolera pa jenereta kuonetsetsa kuti voteji yokhazikika imatha kutulutsa pa liwiro losiyanasiyana, lomwe ndi lowongolera voteji. Palibe maginito okhazikika mu jenereta yamagalimoto. Zimatengera koyilo kuti apange maginito. Rotor ya jenereta ndi koyilo yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya maginito. Pamene jenereta akuthamanga, batire choyamba electrify koyilo rotor (otchedwa excitation panopa) kupanga maginito, ndiyeno pamene ozungulira azungulira, izo kupanga kasinthasintha maginito ndi kupanga magetsi kupatsidwa ulemu mu koyilo stator. Pamene liwiro la injini likuwonjezeka ndipo voteji ikuwonjezeka, magetsi oyendetsa magetsi amadula ma rotor panopa, kotero kuti mphamvu ya maginito ya rotor imachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo voteji sikukwera.

3. Magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso magetsi

Anthu ena amaganiza kuti jenereta ya galimoto ikuyenda ndi injini, choncho nthawi zonse imapanga magetsi, choncho sikoyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito pachabe. Ndipotu maganizo amenewa ndi olakwika. Jenereta yamagalimoto imasinthasintha ndi injini nthawi zonse, koma mphamvu zamagetsi zimatha kusinthidwa. Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kochepa, jenereta idzapanga mphamvu zochepa. Panthawiyi, kuthamanga kwa jenereta kumakhala kochepa ndipo mafuta otsika amakhala ochepa. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikakula, jenereta imayenera kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi. Panthawi imeneyi, mphamvu ya maginito ya coil imalimbikitsidwa, mphamvu yowonjezera ikuwonjezeka, ndipo kukana kwa injini kumawonjezeka. Inde, idzadya mafuta ambiri. Chitsanzo chosavuta ndicho kuyatsa nyali zakutsogolo mukamangokhala. Kwenikweni, liwiro la injini lidzasinthasintha pang'ono. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuyatsa nyali kudzawonjezera mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, zomwe zidzawonjezera mphamvu ya jenereta, zomwe zidzawonjezera kulemetsa kwa injini, kuti liwiro lisinthe.

4. Magetsi ochokera ku jenereta amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa galimoto

Anthu ambiri ali ndi funso ili: Kodi mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi galimoto imachokera ku batri kapena jenereta? Ndipotu yankho lake ndi losavuta. Malingana ngati magetsi a galimoto yanu sanasinthidwe, mphamvu ya jenereta imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa galimoto. Chifukwa mphamvu zotulutsa za jenereta ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa mphamvu ya batri, zida zina zamagetsi zomwe zili m'galimoto ndi batire ndi za katundu. Batire silingathe kutulutsa ngakhale ikufuna kutulutsa. Ngakhale batire ili ndi chaji chonse, ikufanana ndi yayikulu Ndi mphamvu chabe. Zoonadi, makina oyendetsa jenereta a magalimoto ena ndi apamwamba kwambiri, ndipo adzaweruza ngati mphamvu ya jenereta kapena batire ikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi momwe zilili. Mwachitsanzo, batire ikadzakwana, jenereta imasiya kugwira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya batri, yomwe ingapulumutse mafuta. Mphamvu ya batri ikatsikira pamlingo wina kapena brake kapena injini ikayikidwa, jenereta imayamba kulipiritsa batire.

5. Mphamvu ya batri

Magalimoto apanyumba kwenikweni ndi magetsi a 12V. Batire ndi 12V, koma linanena bungwe voteji wa jenereta pafupifupi 14.5V. Malinga ndi muyezo dziko, voteji linanena bungwe 12V jenereta ayenera 14.5V ± 0.25V. Izi ndichifukwa choti jenereta imayenera kulipiritsa batire, motero mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kukhala yayikulu. Ngati linanena bungwe voteji wa jenereta ndi 12V, batire sangathe mlandu. Chifukwa chake, ndizabwino kuyeza voteji ya batri pa 14.5V ± 0.25V pomwe galimoto ikuyenda pa liwiro lopanda ntchito. Ngati magetsi ndi otsika, zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya jenereta idzachepa ndipo batri ikhoza kuvutika ndi kutaya mphamvu. Zikakhala zokwera kwambiri, zimatha kuwotcha zida zamagetsi. Pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino, mphamvu ya batire yagalimoto siyenera kutsika kuposa 12.5V pamalo oyaka moto. Ngati magetsi ndi otsika kuposa mtengowu, zingayambitse zovuta poyambira. Panthawiyi, zikutanthawuza kuti batri ndiyosakwanira ndipo imayenera kulipiritsidwa panthawi yake. Ngati magetsi akulepherabe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pambuyo polipira, zikutanthauza kuti batire silikugwiranso ntchito.

6. Galimoto imatha nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti idzaze batire

Sindikuganiza kuti mutuwu ndi wofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa batire yagalimoto siyenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi iliyonse, bola ngati sichikhudza kutulutsa koyambira komanso kochulukirapo. Chifukwa chakuti galimotoyo imangogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya batri panthawi yoyambira injini, idzaperekedwa nthawi zonse pamene ikuyendetsa galimoto, ndipo mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyambira zimatha kuwonjezeredwa mumphindi zisanu, ndipo zina zonse zimapindula. Ndiko kunena kuti, bola ngati simukuyendetsa mtunda waufupi kokha kwa mphindi zingapo tsiku lililonse, ndiye kuti simuyenera kudandaula za kusakhutira kwa batire. Mwachidziwitso changa, bola ngati batiri silinasinthidwe, palibe chomwe chidzachitike Ndi vuto lomwe silingathetsedwe mwakuchita idling kwa theka la ola. Inde, sikutheka kupeza deta yolondola. Mwachitsanzo, pamene jenereta ya galimoto ikugwira ntchito, mphamvu yotulutsa ndi 10a, ndipo mphamvu ya batri ndi 60 A. Kuchulutsa ndi 1.2 ndikulingalira kuti kuyitanitsa kwa batire sikungakhazikitsidwe ndikusintha kwamagetsi. Koma njira imeneyi ndi chabe akhakula chifukwa.